EXPOSING: The Public Value of Socio-Mediated Scandals in the Digital Age
EXPOSING examines how scandals emerge and progress over time and across platforms, as citizens no longer passively witness scandals through mass media but take an active role by posting their opinions online and become a driving force in exposing and judging moral transgressions.

The research team studies a new understanding of scandals as socio-mediated, i.e. as co-constructed by multiple actors and across platforms. We are especially interested in the role of citizens’ affective and emotional involvement in scandalization processes on X, YouTube, Instagram, etc. It is our hypothesis that by occasioning citizens’ engagement in the negotiation of what a society considers morally contestable at a certain point in time, socio-mediated scandals have the potential to create public value.
The project adds new knowledge about new types of scandals, the many actors involved and the media logics that drive scandals and scandalization processes in a digital media context. This can hopefully provide both scholarly and public critical attention to scandals and processes of scandalization as sites for negotiation of societal and cultural norms, values and concerns.
The project first maps current scandals with significant public attention and participation – e.g. notorious influencer Andrew Tate starting a feud with environmental activist Greta Thunberg on Twitter; literary critic and influencer Katherine Diez being exposed in plagiarism by Redditors; or Harry Potter author J.K. Rowling expressing her views on transgender issues on social media, stirring outcry among fans and making other stars react online. This scandal mapping illuminates the themes, network structures, key players and their communication. Second, the project investigates what motivates citizens to engage in the scandal communication, and what value they attribute to this communication, if any. Finally, we turn to traditional scandal actors – journalists, pundits, politicians, celebrities, other public figures – who used to be main drivers of scandals, and how they see their own and citizens’ role in the changed socio-mediated scandal dynamics and scandalization processes.
The main research question are:
- RQ1: What are socio-mediated scandals and how do they develop?
- RQ2: How do different actors communicate in socio-mediated scandals?
- RQ3: Why do citizens engage in scandal communication?
- RQ4: How do traditional scandal actors assess the changed dynamics of socio-mediated scandals?
- Ester Pollack, Professor, Department of Media Studies, Stockholm University
- Göran Bolin, Professor of Media and Communication Studies, Södertörn University
- Karin Wahl-Jorgensen, Professor of Journalism and University Dean of Environment and Culture, Cardiff University
- Mia-Marie Hammarlin, Senior Lecturer, Department of Communication and Media, Lund University
2027
April 2027: Advisory board meeting.
2026
November 2026: Research seminar and lecture with Professor Christian von Sikorski from Freie Universität Berlin on “In the Eye of the Beholder? How Scandal Coverage and the Communication of Political Actors Shape Citizens' Responses to Political Norm Transgression”.
October 2026: Public seminar on gossip with panelists Jakob Steen Olsen, Bodil Skovgaard Nielsen, Nikita Klæstrup and Vincent Hendricks, moderated by Anne Jerslev.
September, 2026: Team members Anne Jerslev and Eva Frijns presented ongoing research from the EXPOSING project at the ECREA conference in Brno.
June, 2026: The third paper out in Popular Communication by Anne Jerslev and Nete Nørgaard Kristensen, introducing the concept of Scandalization by Association to designate celebrities’ constant risk of being pulled into scandal by their association to other celebrities.
June, 2026: Survey data received from Epinion on Danes and Americans’ views on scandal and their motivation for (not) engaging in scandal communication online. Next step: Analyses!
7 - 9 May, 2026: The EXPOSING team participated with a line of new research on audience engagement in scandal at the Scandalogy conference in Hamburg.
2025
October, 2025: Call for papers for the 2027 issue of Nordic Journal of Media Studies. Read the full call here.
October, 2025: Second article out in the EXPOSING-project in Nordic Journal of Media Studies. Read the article.
April, 2025: First article out in the EXPOSING-project in European Journal of Cultural Studies, studying ‘self-scandalization’, Andrew Tate and Greta Thunberg. Read the article.
Researchers
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Events
- 19 November 2026: Research seminar with Prof. Christian von Sikorski, Free University of Berlin
- 27 October 2026: What we gossip about! (in Danish)
